Difference between passing parameters by value and passing parameters by reference in C/C++

When passing parameters by value in C/C++, a copy of the actual parameter is passed to the function. This means that any changes made to the parameter within the function do not affect the original value outside of the function. On the other hand, when passing parameters by reference in C/C++, the actual parameter itself is passed to the function. This allows the function to directly modify the original value of the parameter.

Passing parameters by value is useful when you want to ensure that the original value remains unchanged, while passing parameters by reference is useful when you want to modify the original value within the function.