What is the difference between multithreading and multiprocessing?

Multithreading and multiprocessing are both techniques used to achieve parallelism in computer systems, but they differ in their approach:

• Multithreading: In multithreading, a single process is divided into multiple threads that can run concurrently within the same process. Threads share the same memory space and resources, making communication between threads easier and more efficient. Multithreading is ideal for tasks that are I/O-bound or require frequent communication between different parts of the program.
• Multiprocessing: In multiprocessing, multiple processes are created, each with its own memory space and resources. Processes do not share memory directly, and communication between processes typically involves more overhead. Multiprocessing is suitable for tasks that are CPU-bound or require isolation between different parts of the program.

In summary, multithreading is more lightweight and efficient for tasks that require coordination and communication between threads, while multiprocessing offers better isolation and performance for tasks that are computationally intensive or need separate memory spaces.