What is the difference between equivalence partitioning and boundary value analysis in functional testing?

Equivalence Partitioning vs. Boundary Value Analysis in Functional Testing

Equivalence partitioning and boundary value analysis are two essential techniques used in functional testing to ensure thorough test coverage and identify potential defects. Let's explore the difference between the two:

Equivalence Partitioning

Equivalence partitioning is a testing technique where input data is divided into groups, or 'equivalence classes,' that are expected to exhibit similar behavior. Instead of testing every single input value, testers focus on testing representative values from each equivalence class. This approach helps to reduce the number of test cases needed while ensuring adequate coverage of the application's functionality.

Boundary Value Analysis

Boundary value analysis is a testing technique that focuses on testing the boundaries of input ranges. Test cases are designed to evaluate the behavior of the system at the lower and upper boundaries, as well as just below and above these boundaries. This technique helps to uncover defects that are often found at the edges of input domains.

Focus Keyword: Functional Testing

Overall, while equivalence partitioning focuses on dividing input data into groups, boundary value analysis concentrates on testing the limits of input ranges. By combining both techniques intelligently in functional testing, testers can create efficient and comprehensive test suites that increase test coverage and improve the overall quality of the software product.