Understanding the Difference Between Compile-Time and Runtime Polymorphism in Programming

When discussing object-oriented programming and inheritance, it's crucial to distinguish between compile-time and runtime polymorphism. These concepts play a significant role in how software behaves and performs. Let's delve into the specifics:

Compile-Time Polymorphism

In compile-time polymorphism, also known as method overloading and compile-time binding, method calls are resolved during the compilation phase based on the method signature. This means that the compiler determines which method to execute based on the number of parameters, types of parameters, and order of parameters in the method signature. The focus keyword in this context is compile-time polymorphism.

Runtime Polymorphism

Runtime polymorphism, also known as method overriding and dynamic or late binding, occurs when a call to an overridden method is resolved during program execution. This means that the decision of which method to execute is made at runtime based on the actual object type. The focus keyword in this context is runtime polymorphism.

In summary, compile-time polymorphism involves method overloading and static binding determined at compile time, while runtime polymorphism involves method overriding and dynamic binding determined at runtime based on the actual object type.

Understanding the nuances of compile-time and runtime polymorphism is essential for writing efficient and maintainable object-oriented programs.