How to Ensure Thread Synchronization and Avoid Race Conditions in a Multithreaded Application

In order to ensure thread synchronization and avoid race conditions in a multithreaded application, you can follow the following best practices:

1. Use Synchronization Mechanisms: Utilize synchronization mechanisms such as locks, mutexes, semaphores, and barriers to control access to shared resources and prevent race conditions.
2. Implement Thread-safe Data Structures: Use thread-safe data structures such as concurrent collections to safely manipulate shared data among multiple threads.
3. Avoid Global Variables: Minimize the use of global variables and instead pass data explicitly between threads to reduce the likelihood of conflicts.
4. Implement Atomic Operations: Use atomic operations and compare-and-swap instructions for operations that require consistent and predictable results across multiple threads.
5. Follow the Principle of Least Privilege: Grant threads only the necessary permissions to access shared resources to minimize the risk of race conditions.