Explaining Subnet Mask in Computer Networks

A subnet mask is a 32-bit number used in IPv4 to divide an IP address into network and host portions. It is used to determine the network portion of the IP address by performing a bitwise AND operation between the IP address and the subnet mask.

How is Subnet Mask Used in Computer Networks?

By using a subnet mask, network administrators can create subnetworks within a larger network, enabling better organization and efficiency. Subnetting helps in reducing network congestion, enhancing security, and improving overall network performance.

For example, in a network with IP address 192.168.1.0 and subnet mask 255.255.255.0, the first three octets (192.168.1) represent the network portion, and the last octet represents the host portion. This allows for the creation of multiple subnets within the network.

Understanding subnet masks is crucial for effectively managing IP addressing and routing in computer networks, ensuring proper communication between devices and facilitating efficient data transmission.