The Difference Between Layer 2 Switch and Layer 3 Switch

Layer 2 and Layer 3 switches are commonly used in networking to direct traffic within a network, but they operate at different levels of the OSI model.

Layer 2 Switch

In a Layer 2 switch, also known as a data link layer switch, the device forwards traffic based on MAC addresses. This means it operates at the Data Link layer (Layer 2) of the OSI model, handling Ethernet frames.

Layer 3 Switch

On the other hand, a Layer 3 switch works at the Network layer (Layer 3) of the OSI model and performs packet switching based on IP addresses. Layer 3 switches provide routing functions, allowing them to make decisions based on IP headers in addition to MAC addresses.

Key Differences:

• Focus Keyword: Layer 2 switch vs Layer 3 switch
• Layer 2 switches operate at the Data Link layer and forward traffic based on MAC addresses, while Layer 3 switches function at the Network layer and make forwarding decisions using IP addresses.
• Layer 2 switches are more commonly used within local area networks (LANs) to provide connectivity at the Ethernet level, whereas Layer 3 switches are deployed in large networks where routing capabilities are required.
• Layer 3 switches offer more advanced features such as VLAN support, subnet routing, and Quality of Service (QoS) management due to their routing capabilities.

Understanding the distinction between Layer 2 and Layer 3 switches is crucial for designing efficient and scalable network architectures that meet the specific needs of modern organizations.