What is the difference between Hibernate and JDBC?

Hibernate is an ORM (Object Relational Mapping) framework that provides a mapping between Java objects and database tables. It simplifies the development of database-driven applications by abstracting the database handling through Java objects.

JDBC, on the other hand, is a Java API that allows Java applications to interact with databases. It requires developers to write SQL queries and handle database connections manually.

The main difference between Hibernate and JDBC is that Hibernate abstracts the database interaction through Java objects and provides automatic mapping between objects and tables, while JDBC requires manual handling of SQL queries and database connections.

Overall, Hibernate is a higher-level abstraction that simplifies database operations and provides better overall performance and productivity compared to JDBC.