What is JDBC and how does it work?

JDBC (Java Database Connectivity) is an API that enables Java applications to interact with databases. It provides a set of classes and interfaces that allows developers to perform database operations such as connecting to a database, executing SQL queries, and retrieving results.

When a Java application uses JDBC to connect to a database, it first loads the JDBC driver appropriate for the database. The application establishes a connection to the database using the DriverManager class and a JDBC URL. Once the connection is established, the application can create statements to execute SQL queries and receive results.

JDBC uses a connection-oriented model where a connection is established between the Java application and the database. This connection allows the application to send SQL queries to the database and receive data back. JDBC handles the communication between the Java code and the database, making it easier for developers to work with databases in Java applications.

Overall, JDBC simplifies database interactions in Java applications by providing a standardized way to connect to and perform operations on databases.